Unambiguous evidence for novel neutrino properties has
recently been obtained from observations of solar and reactor
neutrinos. Combined with previous solar neutrino experiments
the results from SNO and KamLAND are evidence for neutrino
oscillation. The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) studies
neutrinos from the 8B decay in the Sun to search for neutrino
flavor change. SNO's unique measurement of all neutrino
flavors has provided model-independent evidence for the flavor
transformation of solar neutrinos. Its results imply that
neutrinos have mass. This observation explains the
long-standing Solar Neutrino Problem, the deficit of the
observed electron solar neutrino flux compared to solar model
predictions. The KamLAND experiment measures the flux of
antineutrinos from nuclear power reactors in central Japan. It
observes a deficit of neutrinos at an average distance of 180
km from the reactors. In the 50-year long history of reactor
neutrino experiments KamLAND has demonstrated for the first
time reactor antineutrino disappearance at long baselines.
Results from SNO and KamLAND will be discussed along with the
observations of other neutrino oscillation
experiments.
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Physics